Sample battle · revision
Training Camp · Mission Brief
Chemistry · Acids & Bases
Acids donate protons (H⁺); bases accept them. pH measures hydrogen-ion concentration on a 0–14 scale. Strong acids and bases dissociate fully in water; weak ones only partially.
Key terms
- Acid — A proton (H⁺) donor in the Brønsted-Lowry model.
- Base — A proton (H⁺) acceptor.
- pH — −log₁₀[H⁺]; lower pH = more acidic.
Memory trick: A.A.D. — Acids Are Donors (of protons).
Common mistake: Strong acid ≠ concentrated acid. Strength = degree of dissociation; concentration = amount per litre.
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